Sickle cell anemia is an inherited disease. People who have the disease inherit two genes for sickle hemoglobin—one from each parent.
Sickle hemoglobin causes red blood cells to develop a sickle, or crescent, shape. Sickle cells are stiff and sticky. They tend to block blood flow in the blood vessels of the limbs and organs. Blocked blood flow can cause pain and organ damage. It can also raise the risk for infection.
Sickle Cell Trait
People who inherit a sickle hemoglobin gene from one parent and a normal gene from the other parent have sickle cell trait. Their bodies make both sickle hemoglobin and normal hemoglobin.
People who have sickle cell trait usually have few, if any, symptoms and lead normal lives. However, some people may have medical complications.
People who have sickle cell trait can pass the sickle hemoglobin gene to their children.
A person inherits two hemoglobin genes—one from each parent. A normal gene will make normal hemoglobin (A). A sickle hemoglobin gene will make abnormal hemoglobin (S).
When both parents have a normal gene and an abnormal gene, each child has a 25 percent chance of inheriting two normal genes; a 50 percent chance of inheriting one normal gene and one abnormal gene; and a 25 percent chance of inheriting two abnormal genes.
You can’t prevent sickle cell anemia, because it’s an inherited disease. If a person is born with it, steps should be taken to reduce complications.
People who are at high risk of having a child with sickle cell anemia and are planning to have children may want to consider genetic counseling. A counselor can explain the risk (likelihood) of having a child who has the disease. He or she also can help explain the choices that are available.
You can find information about genetic counseling from health departments, neighborhood health centers, medical centers, and clinics that care for people who have sickle cell anemia.
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Tuesday, 6 May 2014
‘I will soak the ground with Christian blood’: Shekau brags
Abubakar Shekau, the leader of terrorist sect, Boko Haram, has released a video where hemakes threats against the country.
Shekau goes on a tirade in Hausa and Arabic during which he states that he will sell the abducted girls and soak the ground with Christian blood.
The sect leader also states that girls are meant to be married and not educated in the long video in which he called Christians “smelling infidels”
The video lasts 56 minutes and 58 seconds, and shows Iman Shekau speaking from a script, surrounded by heavily armed fighters, backed by an
armored personnel carrier, and two other armed vehicles.
Iman Shekau said, “I am the one that took your girls. Are you the one that created the girls? I will sell them in the market. I have my own market of
selling human beings. It is Allah, the owner that instructed me to sell. I will sell the girls.”
And he added, “It is Allah that instructed us, until we soak the ground of Nigeria with Christian blood and so called Muslims contradicting Islam. After we
have killed, killed, killed, and get fatigue and wondering on what to do with smelling of their corpses, smelling of Obama, Bush and Jonathan worried us
then we will open prison and be imprisoned the rest. Infidels have no value.”
234 Nigerian schoolgirls, aged between 15-18, were abducted from a remote school in Chibok village, Borno State, in Northeast Nigeria on April 15. The
girls and young women came from schools in Izge, Lassa, Ashigashiya and Warabe to do final exams because other the schools were shut in Borno state
because of attacks by Boko Haram.
Iman Shekau said the sects friends are those in Afghanistan, Mali, Yemen and Pakistan, and not those Arabs who just bragged with their colors but deal
with Americans and the West. Shekau said there is slavery in Islam, contrary to his critics, noting that Prophet Muhammed took slaves during Badr war in
Hejaz region of western Arabia in present day Saudi Arabia.
Shekau said, “Just because I took girls in Western school they are worried. I say they (the girls) should desert the school. They should go and marry.
Stupid people. Talking about human rights and democracy. Nonsense. People that are doing same sex marriage and saying they are leaders.”
And he added, “I will imprison Jonathan’s daughter, any one that turn to Islam will be saved. For me anyone that embraces Islam is my own. Stupid
Jonathan, you will be surprise. Until the land is soaked with blood.”
Later he said, “This is a war against Christians and democracy and their constitution, we have not started, we will be in Abuja, and in your state. This war
is against Christians, I mean Christians, generally the infidels. Allah says we should finish them when we get them.”
Shekau boasted in the video that he has no business with infidel’s money, “I have no time with your trillion. I am working for Allah and will die for it. No
one can stop me. You killed Mohammed Yusuf. Are you not saying he is even better than Shekau? Even if you kill me, other fighters will rise better than
me, I am nothing and worthless before Allah who I am working for. You are sitting with Christians and saying we are one, saying there is no difference. We
are not one with infidels.”
Later he said, “It is a lie, in fact you suppose to wash and re-wash a plate Christian eats food before you eat as Muslims. You know all these things and
you are contradicting Islam. Are Christians the people we should play with? They killed us in Shendam, Zangon Katab and all the places. It is either you are
with us or you are with them, and when we see you, we will harvest your neck with knife.”
He cursed Islamic political leaders the late Malam Aminu Kano, Abubakar Tafawa Balewa, and Islamic scholar, Usman Dan Fodio as infidels for working and
accepting democracy and constitution, and added, “We are not ignorant of all that happened.”
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